Can free-market capitalism and social justice co-exist in harmony? Compassionate Capitalism examines this question by researching concepts of social justice, economic history and religious/legal restrictions on businesses. The most common systems such as capitalism, socialism, free-market, and command economies are compared and evaluated.

The author proposes a new traditional economy that focuses on integrity, innovation propelled economic growth, encouragement from efficient governments, and priority assistance to the poor. He also cites numerous examples where businesses are making significant contributions to communities mired in poverty and suggests strategies for companies that wish to join in the effort.