Organophosphorus Chemistry provides a comprehensive annual review of the literature. Coverage includes phosphines and their chalcogenides, phosphonium salts, low coordination number phosphorus compounds, penta- and hexa-coordinated compounds, tervalent phosphorus acids, nucleotides and nucleic acids, ylides and related compounds, and phosphazenes. The series will be of value to research workers in universities, government and industrial research organisations, whose work involves the use of organophosphorus compounds. It provides a concise but comprehensive survey of a vast field of study with a wide variety of applications, enabling the reader to rapidly keep abreast of the latest developments in their specialist areas. Specialist Periodical Reports provide systematic and detailed review coverage of progress in the major areas of chemical research. Written by experts in their specialist fields the series creates a unique service for the active research chemist, supplying regular critical in-depth accounts of progress in particular areas of chemistry. For over 80 years the Royal Society of Chemistry and its predecessor, the Chemical Society, have been publishing reports charting developments in chemistry, which originally took the form of Annual Reports. However, by 1967 the whole spectrum of chemistry could no longer be contained within one volume and the series Specialist Periodical Reports was born. The Annual Reports themselves still existed but were divided into two, and subsequently three, volumes covering Inorganic, Organic and Physical Chemistry. For more general coverage of the highlights in chemistry they remain a 'must'. Since that time the SPR series has altered according to the fluctuating degree of activity in various fields of chemistry. Some titles have remained unchanged, while others have altered their emphasis along with their titles; some have been combined under a new name whereas others have had to be discontinued. The current list of Specialist Periodical Reports can be seen on the inside flap of this volume.

Beginning with a leaf to cup introduction, this book looks at the molecular makeup of different types of tea, discusses brewing and steeping, and the age-old question of when, or even whether, to add milk.

Small molecules cause big problems in our modern world. Methane is the second most abundant greenhouse gas and the principal component of natural gas. It is currently squeezing the Earth, challenging our long-term survival. But, can it be reimagined and repurposed to play a constructive role in a future sustainable economy?

This book explores the contradictory nature of methane, since it is a potent greenhouse gas, but has the potential to play an important role in the energy transition towards a sustainable global economy. Are we crushing it? In that we can and must transform methane into a clean fuel, feedstock or hydrogen carrier for the green economy. Or is methane crushing it? Our one world will soon be crushed by methane and other molecules if we are either unable or unwilling to transform methane fast enough to save ourselves and the planet.

Written by distinguished scientists, this book appeals to a broad spectrum of academic and industrial communities, as well as the public and policy makers with an interest in how this small molecule, consisting of just five atoms, has had such a profound impact.

Why are some plants so important to humans? The chemistry of the plants has a lot to do with it!

The plant world offers a fascinating way to explore basic chemistry concepts. The spectacular variety of colors, fragrances and other characteristics of plants are driven by the seemingly subtle differences in the structure and properties of organic compounds. Well-known flowers, like daffodils and narcissus, are examples of plants that provide ample perfumes, pigments and poisons as part of their intricate and fascinating chemistry.

This second edition retains it accessibility, expanding on the first edition and combining scientific concepts with colorful pictures and stories in simple, clear language. Readers will find introductory information on some chemistry and plant biology. This prepares them for the more complex chemical structures that compose plant substances, many of them of vital importance to humans. The final chapter has been expanded, in particular the sections on medicinal plants and on genetic modification. The end-of chapter references have been thoroughly updated with articles, books, and relevant websites that illustrate the topics discussed.

Dr Margareta Sequin, an organic chemist and plant enthusiast, has taught popular undergraduate college level courses on plant chemistry to non-chemistry majors and has led numerous field seminars for the general public. The comments and questions from these audiences and the topics that especially captured people's interest have greatly shaped this book.

The Chemistry of Plants addresses an audience with little previous chemistry knowledge, but will appeal to the expert reader looking for an understanding of more complex plant compounds. It can be used both as a text to introduce organic chemistry as it relates to plants and as a text of reference for more advanced readers.

Forensic science is often important in criminal cases, so criminal justice professionals, including lawyers and forensic scene investigators, must have a basic understanding of what is often complex science. This book explains the science underpinning forensic techniques to give those who engage with forensic science professionally, but who are not primarily scientists, a level of understanding that will enable them to use forensic science data effectively. In addition, the book places the use of forensic data in the context of criminal cases to assess the reliability and usefulness of forensic data in court.

Succinctly presented, this book covers all the facets of forensic science for students who are hoping to become police officers, lawyers or other members of the criminal justice system. As forensic investigations have advanced, e.g. in DNA profiling, computer modelling and behavioural sciences, so has the need for an increase in the level of scientific knowledge. The author understands the challenges this brings and has written the book to explain complex information in an accessible and undemanding style. Using international case studies, this book will bring forensic science to life and include aspects of the author's personal journey.

Of all the arts, photography has perhaps the closest association with science and technology: the physics of light and colour combined with chemistry to capture images. Lo-Fi Photography is an ideal introduction to the science that lies behind photography and the array of simple methods that can be used to capture light and create images. From making homemade cameras to accessible techniques, the goal of this book is to provide all readers with access to this interesting form of creative photography via how-to guides, plans and some tips and tricks. In addition to the theory and hands-on guidance, this book also explores Lo-Fi photography as a distinct art form and provides further reading and excellent sources for diving even deeper into the world of experimental photography. Lo-Fi Photography is both a superb introduction to anyone curious about the science of photography and a first-rate guide to the world of experiemental photography for inquisitive photographers.

Are you a science student wondering how to turn your degree into a fulfilling career? Or are you a recent graduate struggling to navigate their options in the post-degree world? Well, this book is your ultimate roadmap to success. With practical tips for developing your skills, building your network, and standing out in a crowded job market, you'll be well on your way to a rewarding career in no time. This book aims to support all students and graduates in the STEM subjects seeking employment and navigating their first few years in the workplace. From finding employment and CV and cover letter writing, to networking and improving employability, this book covers the essential skills that you need to kickstart your career. Also included are helpful insights from successful graduates working in a variety of different careers and more seasoned professionals imparting their hard-earned wisdom and, more importantly, outlining what employers are most looking for in science and technology graduates and how you can maximise your appeal to potential employers and plan for a future beyond university. Start building a successful career in STEM by crafting your own professional profile with the help of this book!

Take a colorful walk through human ingenuity.

Humans have been unpacking the earth to use pigments since cavemen times. Starting out from surface pigments for cave paintings, we've dug deep for minerals, mined oceans for colors and exploited the world of plants and animals. Our accidental fumbles have given birth to a whole family of brilliant blues that grace our museums, mansions and motorcars. We've turned waste materials into a whole rainbow of tints and hues to color our clothes, our food and ourselves. With the snip of a genetic scissor, we've harnessed bacteria to gift us with greener blue jeans and dazzling dashikis. As the pigments march on into the future, who knows what new and exciting inventions will emerge?

Mary Virginia Orna, a world-recognized expert on color, will lead you through an illuminating journey exploring the science behind pigments. Pausing for reflections en route to share stories around pigment use and discoveries informed by history, religion, sociology and human endeavour, this book will have you absorbing science and regaling tales. Jam packed with nuggets of information, March of the Pigments will have the curiously minded and the expert scientist turning pages to discover more.

Looking for a comprehensive textbook that covers the interaction between micro-organisms and food? Spoilage, foodborne illness, and fermentation.

Food Microbiology has been the most popular textbook in this area since it was first published in 1995. Now in its fifth edition, the highly successful authors bring the book right up to date.

Maintaining its general structure and philosophy to encompass modern food microbiology, this new edition provides updated and revised individual chapters and uses new examples to illustrate incidents. It covers the three main aspects of the interaction between micro-organisms and food and the positive and negative features that result. Attention is paid to the illustrations included and there is a discussion on the factors affecting the presence of micro-organisms in foods and their capacity to survive and grow. Finally, recent developments in procedures used to assay and control the microbiological quality of food and protect public health are reported.

Thorough and accessible, this book is designed for students in the biological sciences, biotechnology, and food science, as well as a valuable resource for researchers, teachers, and practising food microbiologists.

Lights. Camera. Reaction!

How do real world discoveries affect what we see on screen? What impact does the world of film have on how we view chemistry? Are chemists the villains or the heroes?

From Transylvania and Chernobyl to generic geniuses and meth makers, explore the fascinating world of the big and small screen through a chemist's eye as cinema and television are passed under the microscope. From the earliest silent films through to modern, multi-episode television, discover the real-life chemistry that inspired your favourite shows.

Learn how depictions of chemists have changed through the years. Are chemists always pictured as relentless in their quest, are the dangers and risks accurately represented and did the image of chemistry teachers change after the portrayal of a teacher turned illicit drug supplier?

Uncover the facts and fiction around these questions and many more with Onscreen Chemistry.

As new porous materials, metal organic frameworks (MOFs) and covalent organic frameworks (COFs) have been receiving an abundance of research interest in recent years. This book is the first comprehensive title to cover solid state NMR, ¹²⁹Xe NMR and diffusion NMR methods that have been applied to solve the key scientific issues in the MOFs and COFs research like structural determination, examination of the local structures and host-guest interactions. Structural Information is crucial not only to understand the synthetic mechanisms but also to establish the structure-activity relationship of MOFs and COFs. In comparison to single-crystal X-ray diffraction and high-resolution electron microscopy, solid state NMR provides determinative or complementary information regarding MOFs and COFs.

This book will benefit researchers who are interested in structural identification but have little expertise in NMR. It bridges a gap in knowledge and provides a unique reference work in this field of research.

Electrolytes are indispensable components in electrochemistry and the fast-growing electrochemical energy storage markets. Research in electrolytes has witnessed exponential growth in recent years, accompanied by their applications in the most popular electrochemical cell ever invented, lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). In myriads of LIBs, electrolytes and their interphases determine how high the voltage of a battery is, how many times it can be charged/discharged, or how rapid the energy stored therein could be released. The conquest of further technical challenges around safety, life and cost-effectiveness of lithium-based or beyond-lithium batteries requires in-depth understanding of electrolytes and interphases. This will be the authoritative textbook for those entering the field. Chapters will establish the fundamental principles for the field, before moving onto important knowledge acquired in recent years. There will be special emphasis on linking these fundamentals to real-world problems encountered in devices, especially lithium-ion batteries. The book will be suitable for advanced undergraduate and postgraduate students in electrochemical energy storage, electrochemistry, materials science and engineering, as well as researchers new to the subject.

This concise, easy-to-read book outlines the basic principles needed to understand the chemical mechanisms of explosion. Written for students with no previous knowledge of explosives but some understanding of chemical reactions in mind, it takes the reader through the history of explosives and introduces the concepts of high explosives, propellants and pyrotechnics.

Covering combustion, deflagration, and detonation; ignition, initiation, and thermal decomposition; thermochemistry, thermodynamics and kinetics, the text includes detailed formulations and reactions presented with thermochemical calculations to aid understanding. This edition includes environmental legislation and its impact on explosives, together with a section on safety hazard tests. It also contains the latest developments in synthesis and manufacturing of explosives.

Covering all aspects of the properties of explosives, The Chemistry of Explosives is a unique text which introduces difficult subjects in a readable manner. Ideal for A-level students and new graduates with no previous knowledge of explosive materials, it will also be useful to anyone needing succinct information on the subject, such as the more experienced chemist in the explosives sector.

This popular science title covers adhesion science in an easily accessible entertaining manner. As well as outlining types of adhesion and their importance in everyday life, the book covers interesting future applications of adhesion and inspiration taken from nature. Ideal for students and the scientifically minded reader this book provides a fascinating introduction to the science of what makes things stick.

Since the first edition of The Science of Sugar Confectionery (2000), the confectionery industry has responded to ever-changing consumer habits. This new edition has been thoroughly revised to reflect industry's response to market driven nutrition and dietary concerns, as well as changes in legislation, labelling, and technology.

Building on the strengths of the first edition, the author's personal knowledge and experience of the sugar confectionery industry is used to provide a thorough and accessible account of the field. Written so the reader needs no more than a rudimentary level of chemistry, this book covers the basic definitions, commonly used and new ingredients in the industry. It then discusses the various types of sugar confectionery including sugar glasses (boiled sweets), grained sugar products (fondants), toffees and fudges, hydrocolloids (gums, pastilles and jellies) and concludes with a new chapter on future outlooks.

Featuring expanded coverage of special dietary needs, covering topics such as vegetarianism and veganism, religious requirements and supplemented products, this new edition reflects current and evolving needs in the sugar confectionery field.

Countries worldwide are moving to a future without fossil fuels to mitigate the effects of climate change. This transition will involve phasing out the fossil fuels used for electricity generation, the liquid fuels used for transportation and the gas that is used to heat homes. To achieve the transition, a range of materials, known as critical materials or critical minerals are essential. These range from the lithium needed for batteries to store power to the neodymium needed for the magnets that convert motion to electricity in wind turbines.

Critical Materials for a Low-carbon Economy looks at the science behind some of the materials that will be essential to this transition. Beginning with an introduction to the origins of climate change and the importance of critical materials this book is split into chapters focusing on different technologies. In addition to describing the science behind the need for these materials it also discusses issues around supply chains and geopolitical considerations.

Global warming and, even more recently, the COVID pandemic have brought into public focus our dependence on science and the lens with which it considers the world. Science is providing opportunities for new ways of thinking and has always opened new avenues for creative thought and advances.

This book examines and summarises the developments and changes in approaches to organic and natural product chemistry as seen through the published works of the author and seeks to place them in a philosophical and societal context. Demonstrating and explaining how scientists and, more particularly, chemists arrive at a world view, it will show how this is predicated not just by scientific advances but also by societal influences. The author uses personal experience to detail progress through science. Techniques used in such investigations are alluded to but not described in detail since the interested reader can access the full published papers if required.

Interesting both to the general, scientifically literate reader and to the specialist wanting information on natural product chemistry, the book does not create a rulebook for carrying out natural product chemistry but rather examines the processes that lie beneath the development of natural product chemistry and how this enables chemists to examine and interpret the world. Students of chemistry (whatever their age or stage of career) may also be interested in reading how peer reviewed and published material relates to the wider society view.