The main objective of this book is to provide a comprehensive and a thorough coverage for the Structural Civil PE exam topics with the use of questions. This book is written in accordance with the latest (2024) NCEES exam specifications and design standards with the use of structured and well thought out questions. Questions that serve as an overall guide to help the reader understand and remember all the knowledge areas presented in the 2024 exam specifications, along with key topics and important concepts of Structural Engineering.

Differing from short or straightforward questions, a good portion of questions in this guide are designed to be slightly longer and more comprehensive to enhance understanding across all aspects of Structural Engineering and eventually pass the PE exam. The book places a particular emphasis on all UpToDate Structural manuals, codes, and design standards aiming to make this guide the go-to resource for all exam takers.

Each of the questions presented in this book is accompanied by detailed figures, serving as visual aids to facilitate understanding and support comprehension along with step-by-step solutions with proper and detailed referencing. Alternative solutions are also offered when possible.

Lastly, this book aims to replace expensive courses and costly resources that may amount to hundreds or even thousands of dollars. It offers a simple, yet, a highly effective method of learning with a fraction of the cost.

The branch of engineering that is concerned with the designing and analysis of structures to avoid damages caused by earthquakes is known as earthquake engineering. The goal of the discipline is to make structures like buildings and bridges that are resistant to earthquakes. It aims to make structures that do not stumble in case of minor shaking or collapse during a major earthquake. It focuses on the protection of natural and man-made environment and societies from earthquakes by stopping risks to acceptable levels. Earthquake engineering has two primary objectives; to foresee the consequences of earthquakes and design and maintain structures that can sustain earthquakes. The field is considered a subset of mechanical engineering, chemical engineering, applied physics, geotechnical engineering and structural engineering. This book unfolds the innovative aspects related to this field which will be crucial for the holistic understanding of the subject matter. It also elucidates new techniques and their applications in a multidisciplinary approach. This book is meant for students who are looking for an elaborate reference text on earthquake engineering.

A Rigorous and Definitive Guide to Soil Liquefaction

Soil liquefaction occurs when soil loses much of its strength or stiffness for a time--usually a few minutes or less--and which may then cause structural failure, financial loss, and even death. It can occur during earthquakes, from static loading, or even from traffic-induced vibration. It occurs worldwide and affects soils ranging from gravels to silts.

From Basic Physical Principles to Engineering Practice

Soil Liquefaction has become widely cited. It is built on the principle that liquefaction can, and must, be understood from mechanics. This second edition is developed from this premise in three respects: with the inclusion of silts and sandy silts commonly encountered as mine tailings, by an extensive treatment of cyclic mobility and the cyclic simple shear test, and through coverage from the element scale seen in laboratory testing to the evaluation of boundary value problems of civil and mining engineering. As a mechanics-based approach is necessarily numerical, detailed derivations are provided for downloadable open-code software (in both Excel/VBA and C++) including code verifications and validations. The how-to-use aspects have been expanded as a result of many conversations with other engineers, and these now cover the derivation of soil properties from laboratory testing through to assessing the in situ state by processing the results of cone penetration testing. Downloadable software is supplied on www.crcpress.com/product/isbn/9781482213683

• Includes derivations in detail so that the origin of the equations is apparent
• Provides samples of source code so that the reader can see how complex-looking differentials actually have pretty simple form
• Offers a computable constitutive model in accordance with established plast

There ought to be a law! How many times have we said and heard this desire? From his extensive experience with crafting, advocating, and implementing many of California's earthquake safety laws, author Robert A. Olson takes the reader into the process by answering the critical question: How are earthquake safety requirements conceived and made into laws?

To illustrate the process, he draws upon history to show how the policy stage was set immediately after the 1933 Long Beach earthquake when two precedent-setting measures were enacted: the Field Act that centralized at the state level the planning, design, and construction of public schools, and the Riley Act that set a minimum standard for constructing buildings in general. Olson also draws on other events, such as the 1925 Santa Barbara earthquake and the non-earthquake caused Saint Francis Dam failure of 1928, and the steady mobilization of advocacy groups, to add a broader context of how the San Fernando earthquake of 1971 prompted a special joint legislative committee to sponsor noteworthy laws.

The politics of enacting state laws soon after the 1971 San Fernando earthquake include requiring local general plans to address earthquake safety, stipulating rigorous state standards for construction of new hospitals, and calling for establishment of a Seismic Safety Commission.

From his view as a political scientist, Olson defines four waves that characterize California's earthquake safety evolution. Wave One addresses the early disasters and the two laws stemming from the Long Beach earthquake. Wave Two focuses only on the legislative consequences of the 1971 San Fernando earthquake. For Waves Three and Four Olson summarizes legislative efforts following the 1989 Loma Prieta and 1994 Northridge earthquakes.

This fascinating book is as much about historic earthquakes as it is about legislative politics: the process that every proposed California law undergoes from idea to law (or rejection). The bills that were passed into law are testaments to the earnestness and diligence of lawmakers, volunteer advocates and staffers whose desire was to protect the people of California.

Seismic Retrofit of Existing Buildings is a concise and easy-to-use book aimed at supporting engineers in the design of retrofit solutions for seismically vulnerable buildings. It offers readers guidance on both conceptual design strategies and relevant detailed design considerations, drawing from the authors' extensive experience in research and practice in seismic regions. Useful advice is provided on the design choices and detailing tips recognising the practical implementation challenges behind these projects. It brings together the need-to-know information in one guide and will help you cut through conflicting advice, demystify technical jargon and interpret international standards to ensure that you have the right tools and knowledge in order to retrofit any building structure anywhere in the world.

This book is unique in its coverage of a range of global and local seismic retrofit solutions applicable to buildings constructed in unreinforced masonry, reinforced concrete, structural steel and timber.

Highlights include:

• background on seismic risk mitigation and the basis for retrofit
• practical design tips and advice on consulting with clients
• an overview of seismic assessment of existing structures, with reference to international standards including Eurocode 8, ASCE-41 and New Zealand standards
• guidance on commonly used seismic retrofit solutions with supporting conceptual design examples
• coverage of various construction types vulnerable to earthquakes and the specific retrofit techniques employed to improve their performance
• commentary on future trends and the relevance of seismic retrofit of existing buildings to sustainability goals.

It will be an indispensable companion for engineers, construction professionals and researchers, who seek to understand the principles behind seismic retrofit and the challenges and solutions in practical implementation.

Seismic measurements take many forms, and appear to have a universal role in the Earth Sciences. They are the means for most easily and economically interpreting what lies beneath the visible surface. There are huge economic rewards and losses to be made when interpreting the shallow crust or subsurface more, or less accurately, as the case may be.

This book describes seismic behaviour at many scales and from numerous fields in geophysics, tectonophysics and rock physics, and from civil, mining and petroleum engineering. Addressing key items for improved understanding of seismic behaviour, it often interprets seismic measurements in rock mechanics terms, with particular attention to the cause of attenuation, its inverse seismic quality, and the anisotropy of fracture compliances and stiffnesses.

Reviewed behaviour stretches over ten orders of magnitude, from micro-crack compliance in laboratory tests to cross-continent attenuation. Between these extremes lie seismic investigation of rock joints, boreholes, block tests, dam and bridge foundations, quarry blasting, canal excavations, hydropower and transportation tunnels, machine bored TBM tunnels, sub-sea sediment and mid-ocean ridge measurements, where the emphasis is on velocity-depth-age models. Attenuation of earthquake coda-waves is also treated, including in-well measurements.

In the later chapters, there is a general emphasis on deeper, higher stress, larger scale applications of seismic, such as shear-wave splitting for interpreting the attenuation, anisotropy and orientation of permeable 'open' fracture sets in petroleum reservoirs, and the 4D seismic effects of water-flood, oil production and compaction. The dispersive or frequency dependence of most seismic measurements and their dependence on fracture dimensions and fracture density is emphasized. The possibility that shear displacement may be required to explain permeability at depth is quantified.

This book is cross-disciplinary, non-mathematical and phenomenological in nature, containing a wealth of figures and a wide review of the literature from many fields in the Earth Sciences. Including a chapter of conclusions and an extensive subject index, it is a unique reference work for professionals, researchers, university teachers and students working in the fields of geophysics, civil, mining and petroleum engineering. It will be particularly relevant to geophysicists, engineering geologists and geologists who are engaged in the interpretation of seismic measurements in rock and petroleum engineering.

The Encyclopedia of Earthquake Engineering is designed to be the authoritative and comprehensive reference covering all major aspects of the science of earthquake engineering, specifically focusing on the interaction between earthquakes and infrastructure. The encyclopedia comprises approximately 265 contributions. Since earthquake engineering deals with the interaction between earthquake disturbances and the built infrastructure, the emphasis is on basic design processes important to both non-specialists and engineers so that readers become suitably well-informed without needing to deal with the details of specialist understanding. The content of this encyclopedia provides technically inclined and informed readers about the ways in which earthquakes can affect our infrastructure and how engineers would go about designing against, mitigating and remediating these effects. The coverage ranges from buildings, foundations, underground construction, lifelines and bridges, roads, embankments and slopes. The encyclopedia also aims to provide cross-disciplinary and cross-domain information to domain-experts. This is the first single reference encyclopedia of this breadth and scope that brings together the science, engineering and technological aspects of earthquakes and structures.

A Rigorous and Definitive Guide to Soil Liquefaction

Soil liquefaction occurs when soil loses much of its strength or stiffness for a time--usually a few minutes or less--and which may then cause structural failure, financial loss, and even death. It can occur during earthquakes, from static loading, or even from traffic-induced vibration. It occurs worldwide and affects soils ranging from gravels to silts.

From Basic Physical Principles to Engineering Practice

Soil Liquefaction has become widely cited. It is built on the principle that liquefaction can, and must, be understood from mechanics. This second edition is developed from this premise in three respects: with the inclusion of silts and sandy silts commonly encountered as mine tailings, by an extensive treatment of cyclic mobility and the cyclic simple shear test, and through coverage from the element scale seen in laboratory testing to the evaluation of boundary value problems of civil and mining engineering. As a mechanics-based approach is necessarily numerical, detailed derivations are provided for downloadable open-code software (in both Excel/VBA and C++) including code verifications and validations. The how-to-use aspects have been expanded as a result of many conversations with other engineers, and these now cover the derivation of soil properties from laboratory testing through to assessing the in situ state by processing the results of cone penetration testing. Downloadable software is supplied on www.crcpress.com/product/isbn/9781482213683

• Includes derivations in detail so that the origin of the equations is apparent
• Provides samples of source code so that the reader can see how complex-looking differentials actually have pretty simple form
• Offers a computable constitutive model in accordance with established plasticity theory
• Contains case histories of liquefaction
• Makes available downloads and source data on the CRC Press website

Soil Liquefaction: A Critical State Approach, Second Edition

continues to cater to a wide range of readers, from graduate students through to engineering practice.

Various aspects of geotechnical earthquake engineering and soil dynamics are highlighted in this all-inclusive book. The current progress in the field of earthquake engineering has been discussed with primary focus on the seismic safety of dams and underground monuments, Bryan's effect, and the mitigation plans against landslide and fire whirlwind. The book discusses various interesting researches that have been contributed by researchers and experts from many countries. The researches presented in this book will be helpful for graduates, researchers and scientists working in these areas of structural and earthquake engineering. It will also be of significance to civil engineers working on building and reconstruction of structures such as dams, buildings, roads and others.

This book focuses on earthquake-resistant structures which can withstand major earthquakes. It comprises of research works contributed by various experts and researchers in the field of earthquake engineering. The book provides an overview of latest developments and advances related to earthquake-resistant structures. The book discusses seismic-resistance design of masonry and reinforcement of concrete structures and safety measurements, strengthening and rehabilitation of existing structures against earthquake loads. It also covers topics dedicated to seismic bearing capacity of shallow foundations, seismic behavior and retrofits of infilled frames, and also provides case studies related to seismic damage estimation in Mexico and vulnerability of buildings in western China. The book should be useful to graduate students, researchers and practicing structural engineers.

The book provides an overview of the latest developments and advances related to earthquake-resistant structures. It comprises of research works contributed by various experts and researchers in the field of earthquake engineering. The book discusses seismic-resistance design of masonry and reinforcement of concrete structures with safety measurements of strengthening and rehabilitation of existing structures against earthquake loads. It also covers topics dedicated to assessment and rehabilitation of jacket platforms, electromagnetic sensing mechanisms for health assessment of structures, post-earthquake examining of steel buildings in fire environment and response of underground pipes to blast loads. This book will be of help to graduate students, researchers and practicing structural engineers.

Developments in Earthquake Engineering have focussed on the capacity and response of structures. They often overlook the importance of seismological knowledge to earthquake-proofing of design. It is not enough only to understand the anatomy of the structure, you must also appreciate the nature of the likely earthquake.

Seismic design, as detailed in this book, is the bringing together of Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Seismology. It focuses on the seismological aspects of design - analyzing various types of earthquake and how they affect structures differently. Understanding the distinction between these earthquake types and their different impacts on buildings can make the difference between whether a building stands or falls, or at least to how much it costs to repair.

Covering the basis and basics of the major international codes, this is the essential guide for professionals working on structures in earthquake zones around the world.

This book provides comprehensive insights into the fields of earthquake engineering and structural dynamics. It comprises of research work contributed by various experts and researchers in the field of earthquake engineering. Both these disciplines focus on providing solutions to the problems created by damaging earthquakes, by planning, designing, constructing and managing earthquake-resistant structures and facilities. The significant studies included in this book, chart new and vital directions of research in the field of seismology. Several studies included discuss the probability of structural damages, others present approaches related to mitigating the risks of structural damage caused by earthquakes. Through this book, we attempt to further enlighten the readers about the new concepts of these disciplines. This book studies, analyses and upholds the pillar of earthquake engineering and structural dynamics. It is a ripe text for engineers, seismologists, geologists, researchers and students associated with these fields.

Solid design and craftsmanship are a necessity for structures and infrastructures that must stand up to natural disasters on a regular basis. Continuous research developments in the engineering field are imperative for sustaining buildings against the threat of earthquakes and other natural disasters. Performance-Based Seismic Design of Concrete Structures and Infrastructures is an informative reference source on all the latest trends and emerging data associated with structural design. Highlighting key topics such as seismic assessments, shear wall structures, and infrastructure resilience, this is an ideal resource for all academicians, students, professionals, and researchers that are seeking new knowledge on the best methods and techniques for designing solid structural designs.

Research in vibration response control deals not only with prevention of catastrophic failures of structures during natural or accidental/manmade hazards but also ensures the comfort of occupants through serviceability. Therefore, the focus of this book is on the theory of dynamic response control of structures by using different kinds of passive vibration control devices. The strategies used for controlling displacement, velocity, and acceleration response of structures such as buildings, bridges, and liquid storage tanks under the action of dynamic loads emanating from earthquake, wind, wave, and so forth are detailed.

The book:

• Explains fundamentals of vibration response control devices and their practical applications in response mitigation of structures exposed to earthquake, wind, and wave loading
• Offers a comprehensive overview of each passive damper, its functioning, and mathematical modeling in a dynamical system
• Covers practical aspects of employing the passive control devices to some of the benchmark problems that are developed from existing buildings and bridges in different countries worldwide
• Includes MATLAB(R) codes for determining the dynamic response of single degree of freedom (SDOF) and multi-degree of freedom (MDOF) systems along with computational models of the passive control devices

This book is aimed at senior undergraduate students, graduate students, and researchers in civil, earthquake, aerospace, automotive, mechanical engineering, engineering dynamics, and vibration control, including structural engineers, architects, designers, manufacturers, and other professionals.

Nonlinear static monotonic (pushover) analysis has become a common practice in performance-based bridge seismic design. The popularity of pushover analysis is due to its ability to identify the failure modes and the design limit states of bridge piers and to provide the progressive collapse sequence of damaged bridges when subjected to major earthquakes. Seismic Design Aids for Nonlinear Pushover Analysis of Reinforced Concrete and Steel Bridges fills the need for a complete reference on pushover analysis for practicing engineers.

This technical reference covers the pushover analysis of reinforced concrete and steel bridges with confined and unconfined concrete column members of either circular or rectangular cross sections as well as steel members of standard shapes. It provides step-by-step procedures for pushover analysis with various nonlinear member stiffness formulations, including:

• Finite segment-finite string (FSFS)
• Finite segment-moment curvature (FSMC)
• Axial load-moment interaction (PM)
• Constant moment ratio (CMR)
• Plastic hinge length (PHL)

Ranging from the simplest to the most sophisticated, the methods are suitable for engineers with varying levels of experience in nonlinear structural analysis.

The authors also provide a downloadable computer program, INSTRUCT (INelastic STRUCTural Analysis of Reinforced-Concrete and Steel Structures), that allows readers to perform their own pushover analyses. Numerous real-world examples demonstrate the accuracy of analytical prediction by comparing numerical results with full- or large-scale test results. A useful reference for researchers and engineers working in structural engineering, this book also offers an organized collection of nonlinear pushover analysis applications for students.

A Practical Course in Advanced Structural Design is written from the perspective of a practicing engineer, one with over 35 years of experience, now working in the academic world, who wishes to pass on lessons learned over the course of a structural engineering career. The book covers essential topics that will enable beginning structural engineers to gain an advanced understanding prior to entering the workforce, as well as topics which may receive little or no attention in a typical undergraduate curriculum. For example, many new structural engineers are faced with issues regarding estimating collapse loadings during earthquakes and establishing fatigue requirements for cyclic loading - but are typically not taught the underlying methodologies for a full understanding.

Features:

• Advanced practice-oriented guidance on structural building and bridge design in a single volume.
• Detailed treatment of earthquake ground motion from multiple specifications (ASCE 7-16, ASCE 4-16, ASCE 43-05, AASHTO).
• Details of calculations for the advanced student as well as the practicing structural engineer.
• Practical example problems and numerous photographs from the author's projects throughout.

A Practical Course in Advanced Structural Design will serve as a useful text for graduate and upper-level undergraduate civil engineering students as well as practicing structural engineers.

Experimental Vibration Analysis for Civil Structures: Testing, Sensing, Monitoring, and Control covers a wide range of topics in the areas of vibration testing, instrumentation, and analysis of civil engineering and critical infrastructure.

Earthquake Engineering and Structural Control: Theory and Applications examines the basics of structural dynamics with its application for earthquake engineering and structural control methods. The objective is not to explain earthquake-resistant design but rather to present different methods of analysis under earthquake and other environmental loads such as fire and physical impact. While presenting fundamental concepts in a simple manner, this book presents structural systems and offshore structures leading to form-dominant design. The response spectrum method and nonlinear time history analysis of structures under earthquake loads are discussed in detail, while the basics of earthquake-resistant design through planning guidelines, as well as introductory seismology, are also covered.

• Presents dynamic analysis and illustrations of single-degree-of-freedom systems with numerous examples to explain the response spectrum analysis under earthquake and impact loads.
• Offers detailed solutions to multi-degree-of-freedom systems through numerical methods, supported by MATLAB(R) examples.
• Explains the proper application of seismic controls for different classes of structures, including offshore.

With easy-to-understand explanations of the basic concepts, Seismic Design of Foundations examines recent and worldwide research outputs and post-earthquake reconnaissance case studies, and offers practical means of applying them to the real world. Each case study also provides worked examples of new and innovative findings that reveal background information behind the codes of practice in various parts of the world as well as the lessons learned from recent large-scale earthquakes.

This book aims to

• explain the latest state-of-the-art research on seismic design of foundations and related issues
• breakdown and explain the codes of practice into easy-to-understand concepts
• showcase worked examples at the end of each chapter highlighting the concepts covered
• cover case studies from all over the world, including Japan, New Zealand, India and Taiwan amongst others.

Seismic Design of Foundations presents state-of-the-art information which will be ideal for any student studying postgraduate civil engineering or structural engineering as well as researchers and practitioners working in the field of earthquake geotechnical engineering.