A radical and timely proposal for reinvigorating transformative scientific discovery.

So rich was the scientific harvest of the early 20th century that it transformed entire industries and economies. Max Planck laid the foundation for quantum physics, Barbara McClintock for modern genetics, Linus Pauling for chemistry--the list goes on.

In the 1970s, the nature of scientific work started to change. Increases in public funding for scientific research brought demands that spending be justified, a system of peer review that selected only the research proposals promising the greatest returns, and a push for endless short-term miracles instead of in-depth, boundary-pushing research. A vicious spiral of decline began.

In Scientific Freedom, Donald W. Braben presents a framework to find and support cutting-edge, much-needed scientific innovation. Braben--who led British Petroleum's Venture Research initiative, which aimed to identify and aid researchers challenging current scientific thinking--explains:

• The conditions that catalyzed scientific research in the early 20th century
• The costs to society of our current research model
• The changing role of the university as a research institution
• How BP's Venture Research initiative succeeded by minimizing bureaucracy and peer review, and the program's impact
• The selection, budget, and organizational criteria for implementing a Venture Research program today.

Even in the earliest stages, transformative and groundbreaking research can look unrecognizable to those who are accustomed to the patterns established by the past. Support for this research can, in fact, be low risk and offer rich rewards, but it requires rethinking the processes used to discover and sponsor scientists with groundbreaking ideas--and then giving those innovators the freedom to explore.

First published in 2008, this new edition of Scientific Freedom includes over 30 redesigned charts and figures and a new foreword by Donald Braben.

Grunt tackles the science behind some of a soldier's most challenging adversaries--panic, exhaustion, heat, noise--and introduces us to the scientists who seek to conquer them. Mary Roach dodges hostile fire with the U.S. Marine Corps Paintball Team as part of a study on hearing loss and survivability in combat. She visits the fashion design studio of U.S. Army Natick Labs and learns why a zipper is a problem for a sniper. She visits a repurposed movie studio where amputee actors help prepare Marine Corps medics for the shock and gore of combat wounds. At Camp Lemmonier, Djibouti, in east Africa, we learn how diarrhea can be a threat to national security. Roach samples caffeinated meat, sniffs an archival sample of a World War II stink bomb, and stays up all night with the crew tending the missiles on the nuclear submarine USS Tennessee. She answers questions not found in any other book on the military: Why is DARPA interested in ducks? How is a wedding gown like a bomb suit? Why are shrimp more dangerous to sailors than sharks? Take a tour of duty with Roach, and you'll never see our nation's defenders in the same way again.

The Scientific Endeavor is an introduction to what science is and how it is done. Many college courses are good at presenting particular disciplines (Biology, Chemistry, etc.), but not the details of science itself. Science literacy for educated citizens and for professional scientists requires an understanding of science itself. Written at an introductory college level, this book provides on overview of what science is, the philosophy of science, how research is done, how scientists interact, ethics and misconduct, scientific thinking, and pseudoscience. It has been used as a supplementary textbook in introductory science classes, as the main text in classes about science, and as background reading to spark discussions in advanced undergraduate and graduate courses.

Reproducibility is fundamental to the scientific method. After reading a paper describing research findings, a scientist should be able to repeat the experiment and obtain the same results. Yet an alarming number--perhaps as high as 90 percent--of published biomedical research papers face challenges in independent replication. Such issues range from honest mistakes to outright fraud. The scope of this crisis, however, underscores deeper systemic issues within the scientific community: its culture, incentives, and institutions.

In Unreliable, the distinguished scientist Csaba Szabo examines the causes and consequences of the reproducibility crisis in biomedical research, showing why the factors that encourage misconduct stem from flaws in real-world science. There are many culprits, including commonplace research methods and dubious statistical techniques. Academic career incentives, hypercompetition for grant funding, and a bias toward publishing positive results have exacerbated the problem. Deliberate data manipulation and fabricated findings churned out by paper mills are disturbingly common. Academic institutions and publishers, for their part, have perpetuated a culture of impunity.

Szabo explores how these failures have hindered scientific progress and impeded the development of new treatments, and he introduces readers to the science sleuths who tirelessly uncover misconduct. He proposes comprehensive reforms, from scientific training to the grant system through the publication process, to address the root causes of the crisis. Written in clear language and leavened with a keen sense of irony, Unreliable is an essential account of the reproducibility crisis that gives readers an inside look at how science is actually done.

This book is designed to introduce doctoral and graduate students to the process of conducting scientific research in the social sciences, business, education, public health, and related disciplines. It is a one-stop, comprehensive, and compact source for foundational concepts in behavioral research, and can serve as a stand-alone text or as a supplement to research readings in any doctoral seminar or research methods class. This book is currently used as a research text at universities on six continents and will shortly be available in nine different languages.

**From BBC presenter and journalist Ros Atkins, creator of the viral 'Ros Atkins on...' explainer videos and host of the forthcoming BBC Radio 4 podcast 'Communicating with Ros Atkins'**

'A great read for polishing your communication skills' FORBES
'For all those who want their audiences to listen and understand' JEREMY BOWEN
'Precision, deftness and a calming expertise' THE TIMES

Do you worry about holding people's attention during presentations?

Are you unsure where to start when faced with writing an essay or report?

Are you preparing for an interview and wondering how to get all your points across?

Explanation - identifying and communicating what we want to say - is an art. And the BBC presenter and journalist Ros Atkins, creator of the viral 'Ros Atkins on...' explainer videos, is something of a master of the form. In this book, Ros shares the secrets he has learned from years of working in high-pressure newsrooms, identifying the ten elements of a good explanation and the seven steps you need to take to express yourself with clarity and impact.

Whether at work, school, university or home, we all benefit from being able to articulate ourselves clearly. Filled with practical examples, The Art of Explanation is a must-read for anyone who wants to sharpen their communication skills.

An insider's view of science reveals why many scientific results cannot be relied upon - and how the system can be reformed.

Science is how we understand the world. Yet failures in peer review and mistakes in statistics have rendered a shocking number of scientific studies useless - or, worse, badly misleading. Such errors have distorted our knowledge in fields as wide-ranging as medicine, physics, nutrition, education, genetics, economics, and the search for extraterrestrial life. As Science Fictions makes clear, the current system of research funding and publication not only fails to safeguard us from blunders but actively encourages bad science - with sometimes deadly consequences.

Stuart Ritchie's own work challenging an infamous psychology experiment helped spark what is now widely known as the replication crisis, the realization that supposed scientific truths are often just plain wrong. Now, he reveals the very human biases, misunderstandings, and deceptions that undermine the scientific endeavor: from contamination in science labs to the secret vaults of failed studies that nobody gets to see; from outright cheating with fake data to the more common, but still ruinous, temptation to exaggerate mediocre results for a shot at scientific fame.

Yet Science Fictions is far from a counsel of despair. Rather, it's a defense of the scientific method against the pressures and perverse incentives that lead scientists to bend the rules. By illustrating the many ways that scientists go wrong, Ritchie gives us the knowledge we need to spot dubious research and points the way to reforms that could make science trustworthy once again.

This is the third and completely revised edition of a now classic handbook that focuses specifically on management challenges faced by research scientists and technical professionals. In Lab Dynamics, Carl and Suzanne Cohen draw on their unparalleled professional experience (Carl as a scientist and Suzanne as a psychologist) and as workshop directors to provide invaluable, practical advice on how to succeed in science for working scientists and those in or preparing for management or leadership roles. The book is also required reading for anyone with an administrative role in the research enterprise who must understand that world and its complexities.

At its core, the book is about human interactions in science and how they can be made most effective and productive. The authors explain, without jargon or preaching, how to apply self-awareness and interpersonal skills to problems that science professionals encounter every day.

For this third edition, two new chapters have been added. The new Chapter 4, on hiring scientists, provides a data-driven approach along with step-by-step guidance and editable and downloadable forms for use in evaluating and ranking applicants. The new Chapter 6 gives a guide to keeping scientists focused and motivated through appropriate feedback. Scientists at all levels want and need to hear how they're doing from mentors, managers, or leaders.

All other chapters have additional sections, many based on case studies and examples shared with the authors by working scientists. They include Ten essential characteristics of scientific team leaders with specific examples of each behavior and its impact.

Government organizations, academic institutions, and funders are increasingly focused on the management of science and the improvement of the scientific enterprise. With this update, Lab Dynamics is a resource like no other for those who lead and strive to succeed in a scientific setting.

A scientist's personal reflections on how to harness creativity and curiosity to generate new ideas and discover the unexpected

Like any creative endeavor, science can be a messy and chaotic affair. On the Art and Craft of Doing Science shares the creative process of an innovative and accomplished scientist, taking readers behind the scenes of some of his most pioneering investigations and explaining why the practice of science, far from being an orderly exercise in pure logic, is a form of creative expression like any other art.

Kenneth Catania begins by discussing how ideas set the stage for scientific breakthroughs and goes on to describe ways to approach experimental design. He sheds light on the importance of art in making discoveries and demonstrates how to find and tell a compelling story about a scientific result while accurately communicating its findings. What role does failure play in science? Is it possible to fail better? How do you define success? Catania provides insights to these and other questions, along the way sharing the lessons he's learned from diverse figures ranging from science philosopher Thomas Kuhn to novelist Stephen King.

Blending illuminating historical examples with insights from Catania's own groundbreaking research in biology and neuroscience, On the Art and Craft of Doing Science draws parallels with art and writing to reveal the creative side to the practice of good science.

Uncovering common threads across types of science skepticism to show why these controversial narratives stick and how we can more effectively counter them through storytelling

Science v. Story analyzes four scientific controversies--climate change, evolution, vaccination, and COVID-19--through the lens of storytelling. Instead of viewing stories as adversaries to scientific practices, Emma Frances Bloomfield demonstrates how storytelling is integral to science communication. Drawing from narrative theory and rhetorical studies, Science v. Story examines scientific stories and rival stories, including disingenuous rival stories that undermine scientific conclusions and productive rival stories that work to make science more inclusive.

Science v. Story offers two tools to evaluate and build stories: narrative webs and narrative constellations. These visual mapping tools chart the features of a story (i.e., characters, action, sequence, scope, storyteller, and content) to locate opportunities for audience engagement. Bloomfield ultimately argues that we can strengthen science communication by incorporating storytelling in critical ways that are attentive to audience and context.

This book enables STEMM researchers to write effective papers for publication as well as other research-related texts such as a doctoral thesis, technical report, or conference abstract.Science Research Writing uses a reverse-engineering approach to writing developed from extensive work with STEMM researchers at Imperial College London. This approach unpacks current models of STEMM research writing and helps writers to generate the writing tools needed to operate those models effectively in their own field. The reverse-engineering approach also ensures that writers develop future-proof strategies that will evolve alongside the coming changes in research communication platforms.The Second Edition has been extensively revised and updated to represent current practice and focuses on the writing needs of both early-stage doctoral STEMM researchers and experienced professional researchers at the highest level, whether or not they are native speakers of English. The book retains the practical, user-friendly format of the First Edition, and now contains seven units that deal separately with the components of written STEMM research communication: Introduction, Methods, Results, Discussion, Conclusion, Abstract and Title, as well as extensive FAQ responses and a new Checklist and Tips section. Each unit analyses extracts from recent published STEMM journal papers to enable researchers to discover not only what to write, but, crucially, how to write it.The global nature of science research requires fast, accurate communication of highly complex information that can be understood by all participants. Like the First Edition, the Second Edition is intended as a fast, do-it-yourself guide to make both the process and the product of STEMM research writing more effective.

Real science is dead.

Researchers are no longer trying to seek and speak the truth. Scientists no longer believe in the truth. They no longer believe that there is an eternal unchanging reality beyond our human organisation which they have a duty to discover and disseminate. Hence, the vast structures of personnel and resources that constitute modern science are not real science but merely a professional research bureaucracy.

The consequences? Research literature must be assumed to be worthless or misleading and should almost always be ignored.

In practice, this means that nearly all science needs to be demolished (or allowed to collapse) and real science rebuilt outside the professional research structure, from the ground up, by real scientists who regard truth-seeking as an imperative and truthfulness as an iron law.

If you think of science as a puzzle, you'll see that data is a key to unlocking it. Exemplary Evidence: Scientists and Their Data touches on the world's many riddles--from how we see to what's at the bottom of the ocean. It shares how scientists have solved such puzzles by collecting measurements, taking notes, and even making sketches. The book also provides mini-bios of the nine featured scientists plus four steps to using data to tease out your own answers about how the world works. Exemplary Evidence's author is Jessica Fries-Gaither, a science educator who also wrote the award-winning NSTA Kids book Notable Notebooks: Scientists and Their Writings. Once again, she mixes sprightly storytelling with energetic rhyme, and Linda Olliver's light-hearted drawings bring the ideas to life. It all helps explain how a sometimes-unappreciated part of science is as important now as it has been to scientists for centuries. As the author writes: Data supports conclusions; it can change people's minds; It is used to build theories that help humankind. Scientists all along have known this to be true: Data is powerful Now, what will yours do?

The Art of Dowsing: Separating Science from Superstition book is the first book ever written that comprehensively explains the physics involved in using the modern ball bearing dowsing rod with gauging by pitting gravity against the elemental magnetic flux lines of the dowsed for element or elemental mass. Gravity is used as a gauge for dowsing the edges, middle, grade, angle of depositing with depth buried. The involved physics of each of the ninety-two natural elements radiating out electromagnetic microwave band frequency from single atoms that combine with other atoms of the same element for producing one elemental magnetic flux line, which combine with all the other same element's elemental magnetic flux lines for building enough static electrical energy for the human body produced static electricity to energize the dowsing rod's attached one-tenth-troy-ounce pure element that is dowsed for. The element that is attached to the dowsing rod becomes energized enough by the same element buried in the ground to produce physical turning of the dowsing rod when dowsing toward and over the sought buried elemental mass.

Building and maintaining the modern ball bearing dowsing rod and dowsing on foot or amplified long-distance dowsing from a vehicle is thoroughly explained. Michael John Fercik started dowsing for gold ore veins in 1975 with unknowingly becoming a dowsing savant after figuring out the dowsing physics involved, and this is why he has the natural ability today to write the book that will change the world's perspective on all the dowsing false superstitions with the correct dowsing theories and proven science and physics of dowsing in the modern world. Physical on ground dowsing and long-distance dowsing from a moving vehicle is explained in laymen terms for enabling everyone to understand the physics involved in dowsing while shown how to build your own modern ball bearing dowsing rod and how to dowse and gauge what is being dowsed. Physicists will be amazed that nobody has explained the physics involved in dowsing and how to use dowsing physics with gravity as a gauge for understanding the size, grade, angle of depositing, and depth buried of the dowsed elemental mass. Dowsing specific wording is explained in a glossary of terms for easy understanding and communications of the required dowsing process of eliminations. Whether or not you want to learn how to dowse, just reading and understanding the recently proven physics of dowsing will excite the curiosity of expanding previously unknown physics of the electrical energies involved in the human body interacting with the electrical energies of solid or liquid or gaseous matter through the modern ball bearing dowsing rod.

2014 Reprint of Original 1959 Edition. Exact facsimile of the original edition, not reproduced with Optical Recognition Software. This book by one of the world's foremost philosophers of science presented a striking new picture of the logical character of scientific discovery--a picture which does full justice to the liberating effect of the Einsteinian revolution in physics and its immense impact upon scientific thought in general. For this new English edition Dr. Popper did his own translation and has written 150 pages of entirely new text. Ernest Nagel considered this work a first rate contribution to the logic of scientific method. The book contains a very interesting chapter on quantum mechanics, which performs one of the few sensible analyses of the Indeterminacy Principle which I have seen in print... The book is highly stimulating and contains much that is bed-rock for future work.--From the Dusk Jacket.

Reproducibility is fundamental to the scientific method. After reading a paper describing research findings, a scientist should be able to repeat the experiment and obtain the same results. Yet an alarming number--perhaps as high as 90 percent--of published biomedical research papers face challenges in independent replication. Such issues range from honest mistakes to outright fraud. The scope of this crisis, however, underscores deeper systemic issues within the scientific community: its culture, incentives, and institutions.

In Unreliable, the distinguished scientist Csaba Szabo examines the causes and consequences of the reproducibility crisis in biomedical research, showing why the factors that encourage misconduct stem from flaws in real-world science. There are many culprits, including commonplace research methods and dubious statistical techniques. Academic career incentives, hypercompetition for grant funding, and a bias toward publishing positive results have exacerbated the problem. Deliberate data manipulation and fabricated findings churned out by paper mills are disturbingly common. Academic institutions and publishers, for their part, have perpetuated a culture of impunity.

Szabo explores how these failures have hindered scientific progress and impeded the development of new treatments, and he introduces readers to the science sleuths who tirelessly uncover misconduct. He proposes comprehensive reforms, from scientific training to the grant system through the publication process, to address the root causes of the crisis. Written in clear language and leavened with a keen sense of irony, Unreliable is an essential account of the reproducibility crisis that gives readers an inside look at how science is actually done.

In the Middle Ages and early modernity, celestial observation was frequently a subject for verbal rather than numerical and geometrical recording. These records can now be difficult to decode, since what they address is frequently obscured by formal conventions of genre, imagery, rhetoric, prosody, to name but a few. The volume collects essays exploring such configurations between literature and observation from Europe to China.

How, contributors ask, were verbal representations of celestial phenomena encoded and self-consciously placed vis-à-vis other systems of representation and knowledge? What kinds of data are represented, and what are the modes in which they are communicated? What interpretational problems arise when present-day disciplines like climatology, meteorology, geophysics, and astronomy, but also literary studies, try to access them? How were discourses on religion, law, anthropology, aesthetics, colonialism etc. linked, in and through their verbal presentation, with astronomical observation and knowledge? How did individual scholars, texts, and concepts travel between European and non-European cultures, both in space and in time, and which constructions of self and other arose in the process?

This book is a comprehensive, intelligible guide to grounded theory with a focus on classic grounded theory. It will be useful for graduate students, experienced researchers, and practicing professionals who want to use the method for practical purposes. It will also be useful for mentors and teachers of grounded theory. A glossary is included in the preface so readers can familiarize themselves with grounded theory terminology before beginning the chapters. Its seven chapters provide a comprehensive guide to grounded theory. Chapter one covers how the author's familiarity with the symbolic interactionist perspective gained from his undergraduate sociology professors enabled him to readily discern how and why Glaser and Strauss had different understandings about grounded theory and what those differences were. Chapter two discusses the uniqueness of grounded theory in relation to other methods and the differences between classic and constructivist grounded theory. Chapter three provides practical tips for selecting and working with a dissertation or thesis committee for grounded theory. The longest chapter, Chapter four, is a detailed, step-by-step guide for learning and doing every stage of the classic grounded theory process, with examples and exercises. Chapter five discusses grounded action, a multi-step applied grounded theory method devised by the author. It includes how he used it to develop a unique grounded anger management program. Chapter Six discusses grounded therapy, another applied grounded theory method the author devised for conducting counseling/therapy, with examples. Chapter Seven presents grounded theory teaching models for undergraduate and graduate students.

WORDS OF PRAISE

This book is an indispensable well to new insights and creative ideas on how to understand, teach, and apply classic grounded theory. A ground-breaking resource for students, teachers and professional practitioners across fields. Excitingly well-written and humorous, with complex issues made easily accessible to anyone interested in the method.

---Astrid Gynnild, Professor, University of Bergen, Norway and previous Editor of Grounded Theory Review

Odis Simmons is the foremost expert in the world on teaching grounded theory. His vast knowledge of the method, which was once only available to his students and mentees, is now available to researchers worldwide in Experiencing Grounded Theory. It is a must-read for anyone who wants an in-depth understanding of how to conduct, apply, or teach grounded theory.

---Kara L. Vander Linden, Founder & President of the Board, Institute for Research & Theory Methodologies, Glaser Center for Grounded Theory

I highly recommend Odis' book to anyone wishing to learn how to do grounded theory; how to apply a grounded theory to practice; and how to communicate grounded theory to doctoral committees and ethical review boards. This authoritative book is written with warmth and humour, littered with helpful examples and is grounded in decades of using the method and teaching grounded theory to people like us.

---Helen Scott, Founder of Grounded Theory Online, Fellow of Grounded Theory Institute, Reviewer of Grounded Theory Review

Research Methods: A Practical Guide for Students and Researchers is a practical guide on how to conduct research systematically and professionally. The book begins by distinguishing between causal and interpretive sciences. It then guides the reader on how to formulate the research question, review the literature, develop the hypothesis or framework, select a suitable research methodology, and analyze both quantitative and qualitative data.The book uses classic examples as exemplars. It also uses many examples from different disciplines and sectors to demonstrate and showcase the inter-connections and wider applications of research tools.The book emphasizes integration. It does not merely provide a smorgasbord of research designs, data collection methods, and ways to analyze data. Instead, it shows how one could formulate research strategies given the outcomes the researchers are required or tasked to deliver.The revised edition includes three new chapters on time series (including spatial models), machine learning, and meta-analysis. In addition, existing chapters have been expanded to include more examples, digital research, and new material.

In The Art of Scientific Investigation, originally published in 1950, W.I.B. Beveridge explores the development of the intuitive side in scientists. The author's object is to show how the minds of humans can best be harnessed to the processes of scientific discovery. This book therefore centers on the human factor; the individual scientist. The book reveals the basic principles and mental techniques that are common to most types of investigation. Professor Beveridge discusses great discoveries and quotes the experiences of numerous scientists. The virtue of Mr. Beveridge's book is that it is not dogmatic. A free and universal mind looks at scientific investigation as a creative art. . . . The New York Times