Usury is a topic with a long and complex history. While it is typically understood today as the practice of charging excessive interest, this is a far cry from the meaning given to it by ancient and medieval authors, who considered the charging of any interest on a mutuum (a loan of such things as are estimated by weight, number, or measure) to be usury. Finding a thorough, coherent, and believable explanation for so monumental a difference in outlook has been nearly impossible-until now. In this provocative work, David Hunt explains and defends the traditional view that usury is a charge for something that does not exist and is therefore a form of theft. Indeed, usury begets a form of chattel slavery, since charging interest on a mutuum is an attempt to profit by treating the borrower as the lender's property.
Not only does Hunt present and clarify the classic arguments (as seen above all in St. Thomas Aquinas), he also carefully distinguishes usury from morally legitimate ways in which rent and fees may be charged. He shows how modern economists from the late seventeenth century onward misconstrue the issues at hand, leading not so much to the refutation of the old view as to a distortion and neglect of it that persists to this day.
Drawing on a wide range of economists and theologians, Hunt pierces to the heart of the usury debate, thoroughly debunking the claim of John T. Noonan that usury is a dead issue to which only to a few inveterate haters of the present order pay heed. In reality, a clear grasp of usury is crucial to understanding why many modern Westerners live in a state of financial slavery-and why this was not the inevitable result of progress but a direct consequence of subordinating moral reasoning to economic analysis.
The essential work from the Nobel Prize-winning virtuoso of twentieth-century economics, translated to English for the first time.
Few scholars advanced the frontier of economic modeling more than French economist Maurice Allais. Allais's contributions--beyond his famous Allais's Paradox--earned him the Nobel Prize and drew comparisons to the works of Paul Samuelson and even some modern mathematical behavioral economists.
Allais's accomplishments, however, went largely unread by non-Francophone readers due to the challenge of their translation for publishers. The effects of this gap are immeasurable. As Paul Samuelson wrote, Had Allais's earliest writings been in English, a whole generation of economic theory would have taken a different course.
Economy and Interest is the milestone translation of Allais's most influential work, one whose staggering findings predate their accepted formulations by other famed economists decades later. In its sweep and technical virtuosity, Economy and Interest is certain to delight and challenge new generations of English-language readers.
In his Critique of Mainstream Austrian Economics, math professor Antal Fekete concisely formulates a number of arguments, not so much against Austrian Economics, but rather in favour of them. His critique ought to be interpreted as a way of fortifying and improving on Carl Menger and Ludwig von Mises and their concepts, heterodox as they were in Central Europe, before World War I. Some arguments take position against Mises who seemed locked into conclusions, inspired by unfortunate assumptions like the Quantity Theory of Money. Overcoming these limitations improves coherence in economic theory. The title should not fool the reader, the arguments are crafted against those who took Menger and Mises and hammered their concepts forcefully into mainstream of economic science. Whatever their motives, their move stunted independent development of Austrian Economic thinking. Antal Fekete sets out to correct this unfortunate situation. He feels this work should be the beginning, not the end, of a renewal in Austrian economic thinking.
This book builds on research in translation studies of change in organizations and demonstrates the implications and application of these findings for managing innovation and change.
When implementing ideas into practice in order to carry out innovative change, translation is key. From strategic and leadership changes to policy and health management decisions, abstract ideas such as 'LEAN', 'CSR', 'Sustainability', 'Public-Private Partnerships', 'Clinical Pathways' and 'AI' are introduced to improve organizational processes. However, in any company and organization, miscommunication and misinterpretation can lead to these ideas being modified, added to and appropriated in ways that make them unsuccessful. This book presents a case for change ideas in organizations being translated rather than implemented and offers a profound understanding of the translation processes needed in order for this to succeed.
This vital study is a must-read for researchers, students and practitioners including change agents, general and health care managers, public servants as well as strategic managers and policy decision-makers.
Nelson Powell is an entrepreneur and businessman who's sole focus is to inspire people. Particularly, young people to reach their full potential in life. He is the CEO of Dream Chasers Apparel. Which is a lifestyle brand that encourages you to Want More, Be More, Do More. Mr. Powell also is the CEO of Dream Chasers Future. Which councils athletes and non athletes on the middle school levels. Dream Chasers Future hosts football and basketball camps and tournaments for elite athletes. With this book he will inspire you and guide you through difficult times in your life.
Loan sharks may conjure up an image of tough guys in fedoras looking to make a profit off of desperate people in dire financial straits; but in reality, lenders who advance small sums of cash at high interest rates until payday existed long before organized crime entered the trade. Today the businesses that fill this niche in the credit market prefer the name payday lenders rather than loan sharks, but most large cities are still a hotbed of usurious lending, and the landscapes are dotted with their inviting and brightly colored storefronts. Despite their more respectable name, these predatory lenders have endured through regulation, prohibition, and the rise and fall of the mob since the late 1800s. In this intriguing and accessible book, Mayer aptly assesses the consequences of high-interest lending--both for the people who borrow at such steep prices and for society as a whole. He argues that although some consumers gain from borrowing at high rates, payday lending in its modern form consistently traps many of the wage earners who pawn their postdated checks, leaving them worse off than they were before. Because payday lending regulations vary widely throughout the country, Mayer chose to focus his story on Chicago, a city that serves as a fine representative of the legacy of loan sharking. Quick Cash will engage policy analysts, economists, and regional historians, as wells as general readers interested in the fascinating story behind these unscrupulous lending operations that feed off America's current tough economic times.
When implementing mathematical models for pricing interest rate derivatives one must address a number of practical issues such as the choice of a satisfactory model, the calibration to market data, the implementation of efficient routines, and so on. This book explains how models work and how to implement them for concrete pricing.
The 2nd edition of this successful book has several new features. The calibration discussion of the basic LIBOR market model has been enriched considerably, a discussion of historical estimation of the instantaneous correlation matrix and of rank reduction has been added, and a LIBOR-model consistent swaption-volatility interpolation technique has been introduced.
The old sections devoted to the smile issue in the LIBOR market model have been enlarged into a new chapter. New sections on local-volatility dynamics, and on stochastic volatility models have been added, with a thorough treatment of the recently developed uncertain-volatility approach.
The fast-growing interest for hybrid products has led to a new chapter, with a special focus devoted to the pricing of convertible bonds and inflation-linked derivatives.