This is the official updated FAA Pilot's Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge FAA-H-8083-25B.

The Pilot's Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge is an essential book for any Remote, Sport, Recreational, Private, Commercial, and Instructor Pilot. It provides basic knowledge that is vital for all pilots. This handbook introduces pilots to the broad spectrum of knowledge that will be needed as they progress in their pilot training. This handbook is useful to beginning pilots, as well as those pursuing more advanced pilot certificates.

Table of Contents:

1. Introduction to Flying
2. Aeronautical Decision-Making
3. Aircraft Construction
4. Principles of Flight
5. Aerodynamics of Flight
6. Flight Controls
7. Aircraft Systems
8. Flight Instruments
9. Flight Manuals and Other Documents
10. Weight and Balance
11. Aircraft Performance
12. Weather Theory
13. Aviation Weather Services
14. Airport Operations
15. Airspace
16. Navigation
17. Aeromedical Factors

This Airman Knowledge Testing Supplement is designed by the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) Flight Standards Service. It is intended for use by Airman Knowledge Testing (AKT) Organization Designation Authorization (ODA) Holders and other entities approved and/or authorized to administer airman knowledge tests on behalf of the FAA in the following knowledge areas:



• Sport Pilot-Airplane (ASEL and ASES)
• Sport Pilot-Gyroplane
• Sport Pilot-Glider
• Sport Pilot-Airship (LTA)
• Sport Pilot-Balloon (LTA)
• Sport Pilot-Weight-Shift Control (WSCS and WSCL)
• Sport Pilot-Powered Parachute (PPL and PPS)
• Recreational Pilot-Airplane (RPA)
• Recreational Pilot-Rotorcraft/Helicopter (RPH)
• Recreational Pilot-Rotorcraft/Gyroplane (RPG)
• Private Pilot-Airplane/Recreational Pilot-Transition (PAT)
• Private Pilot-Helicopter/Recreational Pilot-Transition (PHT)
• Private Pilot-Gyroplane/Recreational Pilot-Transition (POT)
• Private Pilot-Airplane (PAR)
• Private Pilot-Rotorcraft/Helicopter (PRH)
• Private Pilot-Rotorcraft/Gyroplane (PRO)
• Private Pilot-Glider (POL)
• Private Pilot-Free Balloon-Hot Air (PBH)
• Private Pilot-Free Balloon-Gas (PBG)
• Private Pilot-Lighter-Than-Air-Airship (PLA)
• Private Pilot-Powered-Parachute (PPP)
• Private Pilot-Weight-shift Control (PWS)
• Unmanned Aircraft General-Small (UAG)

This is the official updated FAA Pilot's Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge FAA-H-8083-25B.

The Pilot's Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge is an essential book for any Remote, Sport, Recreational, Private, Commercial, and Instructor Pilot. It provides basic knowledge that is vital for all pilots. This handbook introduces pilots to the broad spectrum of knowledge that will be needed as they progress in their pilot training. This handbook is useful to beginning pilots, as well as those pursuing more advanced pilot certificates.

Table of Contents:

1. Introduction to Flying
2. Aeronautical Decision-Making
3. Aircraft Construction
4. Principles of Flight
5. Aerodynamics of Flight
6. Flight Controls
7. Aircraft Systems
8. Flight Instruments
9. Flight Manuals and Other Documents
10. Weight and Balance
11. Aircraft Performance
12. Weather Theory
13. Aviation Weather Services
14. Airport Operations
15. Airspace
16. Navigation
17. Aeromedical Factors

Full-sized, full color, and up-to-date!

The Airplane Flying Handbook provides essential knowledge for pilots at all skill levels, from beginners to those preparing for additional certificates and ratings. It is the official handbook for flight instructors and for students preparing for the FAA Knowledge exams.

Topics covered include:

- Introduction to flight training

- Ground operations

- Basic flight maneuvers

- Mastering altitude and airspeed control

- Maintaining aircraft control: Upset prevention and recovery training

- Takeoffs and departure climbs

- Ground reference maneuvers

- Airport traffic patterns

- Approaches and landings

- Performance maneuvers

- Night operations

- Transition to complex, light-sport, multi-engine, tailwheel, turbo-propeller, and jet-powered airplanes

- Emergency procedures

Also includes a glossary and index.

The Airplane Flying Handbook is an essential resource for all pilots, flight instructors, and those who are preparing to enter flight training.

Complete and up-to-date. Full-color edition!

The Instrument Flying Handbook (FAA-H-8083-15B) is designed for use by instrument flight instructors and pilots preparing for instrument rating tests. All of the aeronautical knowledge and skills required to operate in instrument meteorological conditions (IMC) are detailed.

This handbook covers the following:

- The National Airspace System

- The Air Traffic Control System

- Human and Aerodynamic Factors in Flight Safety

- Flight Instruments

- Using Analog Instrumentation and Electronic Flight Display for Attitude Instrument Flying and Basic Flight Maneuvers

- Helicopter Attitude Instrument Flying

- Navigation Systems

- IFR Flight

- Emergency Operations

- Instrument Training Lesson Guide

. . . and more!

This book is a must-have resource for all pilots and instructors, both for initial learning and for regular review.

This handbook, FAA-H-8083-30B, is current in 2025. It supersedes the obsolete FAA-H-8083-30A. This edition is printed in full color.

The Aviation Maintenance Technician Handbook--General (FAA-H-8083-30B) was developed as one of a series of three handbooks for persons preparing for mechanic certification with airframe or powerplant ratings, or both. Specifically, it will help instructors and applicants preparing for the FAA Knowledge Exam and Oral & Practical (O&P) Exams required to obtain an Aviation Mechanic Certificate with Airframe and/or Powerplant Ratings (also called an A&P license). Reflecting current technologies, equipment and procedures, this edition provides the guidance to support the FAA Aviation Mechanic Airman Certification Standards (ACS) and 14 CFR Part 147 Aviation Maintenance Technician Schools.

This handbook will provide basic information on principles, fundamentals, and technical procedures in the subject matter areas common to both the airframe and powerplant ratings.

Emphasis in this volume is both on theory and methods of application. The handbook is designed to aid students enrolled in a formal course of instruction preparing for FAA certification as a maintenance technician as well as for current technicians who wish to improve their knowledge.

Subjects covered include safety, ground operations, and servicing; regulations, maintenance forms, records, and publications; mathematics in aviation maintenance; aircraft drawings; physics for aviation; aircraft weight and balance; aircraft materials, hardware, and processes; cleaning and corrosion control; fluid lines and fittings; inspection concepts and techniques; hand tools and measuring devices; fundamentals of electricity and electronics; mechanic privileges and limitations; and human factors.

This volume contains information on mathematics, aircraft drawings, weight and balance, aircraft materials, processes and tools, physics, electricity, inspection, ground operations, and FAA regulations governing the certification and work of maintenance technicians.

Illustrated throughout with detailed, full-color drawings and photographs, the handbook also offers a comprehensive glossary and index.

This is the official and all-new FAA Aviation Weather Handbook, FAA-H-8083-28.

Current in 2023.

Complete and unabridged.

Printed in Color.

Pilots and dispatchers must learn how to recognize marginal or hazardous weather--and avoid weather that is truly dangerous. The official Aviation Weather Handbook, prepared by the FAA, gives a detailed look at every aspect of weather that pertains to flight safety. It gives the pilot vital tools for flight planning and key information for making inflight weather decisions.

This comprehensive handbook is an essential resource for experienced pilots, flight instructors, and students. It is a reference work that every pilot will want to keep close at hand--and an invaluable help for those preparing for FAA Knowledge Exams and airman certification.

Includes chapters on:

• Heat and temperature
• Water vapor
• Earth-atmosphere heat imbalances
• Atmospheric pressure and altimetry
• Jet streams and wind
• Vertical motion and clouds
• Atmospheric stability
• Precipitation
• Weather radar
• Mountain weather
• Tropical Weather
• Weather and obstructions to visibility
• Turbulence
• Icing
• Thunderstorms
• Forecasts and advisories
• Aviation weather tools

And much, much more!

The Aviation Weather Handbook consolidates information from the following advisory circulars (AC) into one source document. By doing this, the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) streamlines access to the FAA's weather documentation. The following AC's are now canceled:

• AC 00-6, Aviation Weather
• AC 00-24, Thunderstorms
• AC 00-30, Clear Air Turbulence Avoidance
• AC 00-45, Aviation Weather Services
• AC 00-54, Pilot Windshear Guide
• AC 00-57, Hazardous Mountain Winds

Does the identification number 60 indicate a toxic substance or a flammable solid, in the molten state at an elevated temperature? Does the identification number 1035 indicate ethane or butane? What is the difference between natural gas transmission pipelines and natural gas distribution pipelines? If you came upon an overturned truck on the highway that was leaking, would you be able to identify if it was hazardous and know what steps to take?
Questions like these and more are answered in the Emergency Response Guidebook. Learn how to identify symbols for and vehicles carrying toxic, flammable, explosive, radioactive, or otherwise harmful substances and how to respond once an incident involving those substances has been identified. Always be prepared in situations that are unfamiliar and dangerous and know how to rectify them. Keeping this guide around at all times will ensure that, if you were to come upon a transportation situation involving hazardous substances or dangerous goods, you will be able to help keep others and yourself out of danger. With color-coded pages for quick and easy reference, this is the official manual used by first responders in the United States and Canada for transportation incidents involving dangerous goods or hazardous materials.

As a mitigation measure during reconstruction of the Going to the Sun Road, Glacier National Park operated a shuttle bus system along three routes during the 2007 season. This report presents a multi-dimensional evaluation of the transportation service during its first season of operation.

This is the yearly snapshot of the literature examined in the framework of the Federal Aviation Administration/Volpe Center Flight Simulator Human Factors Program and entered in an EndNote(R) database. It describes 1131 documents, 118 more than last year's edition which it replaces. We are making this literature database available to the public because of feedback received from researchers all over the world that it helps their own investigations. The document has been stripped of any notes reflecting subjective assessments of the reviewers. What remains is a collection, with abstracts and keywords, of the literature reviewed in connection with our on-going work on flight simulator fidelity requirements for effective airline pilot training and evaluation.

As a part of an innovation project funded by the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) Highways for LIFE program, a full-depth precast, ultra-high-performance concrete (UHPC) waffle deck panel and appropriate connections suitable for field implementation of waffle decks were developed.

The ability of dispatchers to communicate effectively with train crews and roadway workers impacts the safety and productivity of railroad operations. Voice radio channels have become increasingly congested as railroad traffic has increased and operations centers become more centralized. Data link represents a potential solution to supplement voice radio. Data link communication differs from voice radio because the information is digitally coded and discretely addressed. Digital coding allows many new options in providing communications better tailored to employee needs.

In-line hardening of railroad rails to produce a very fine pearlite microstructure has become a commercial reality. A question that this report seeks to answer is whether or not it is possible to find an alloy composition that will permit the development of lower bainite microstructures by in-line hardening in rails, wheels, and tank car plate. The application of the in-line hardening process becomes more difficult in the production of lower bainite microstructures because of the need to quench in a controlled fashion to lower isothermal transformation temperatures. Use of the computer program SteCalTM has suggested that the addition of molybdenum with boron will achieve the needed development of a bainite nose accompanied by suppression of the pearlite transformation. This approach appears to be applicable to rails and tank car plates. It is not clear, however, that wheels, which can undergo rapid heating and quenching during extreme service braking, would benefit from the same approach.

Full color, desktop reference edition. The official Emergency Response Guidebook (ERG) is a guide for use by transporters, firefighters, police, and other emergency services personnel who may be the first to arrive at the scene of a transportation incident involving a hazardous material. It is used by first responders in (1) quickly identifying the specific or generic classification of the material(s) involved in the incident, and (2) protecting themselves and the general public during this initial response phase of the incident. The ERG is updated every three to four years to accommodate new products and technology.

Includes full color illustrations. The increased use of underground space for transportation systems and the increasing complexity and constraints of constructing and maintaining above ground transportation infrastructure have prompted the need to develop this technical manual. This FHWA manual is intended to be a single-source technical manual providing guidelines for planning, design, construction and rehabilitation of road tunnels, and encompasses various types of road tunnels including mined, bored, cut-and-cover, immersed, and jacked box tunnels. The scope of the manual is primarily limited to the civil elements of road tunnels.

This report provides a summary of the private highway-rail grade crossing safety inquiry conducted by the United States Department of Transportation Federal Railroad Administration and the Volpe Center. The safety inquiry consisted of a series of public meetings to solicit oral commentary on the safety of the nation's private highway-rail grade crossings, a docket for electronic comment submission, a panel discussion at the Transportation Research Board's annual meeting, and other activities as described in the table of contents.

This report documents the results of a Cognitive Task Analysis that examined how experienced railroad dispatchers manage and schedule trains in today's environment. The objective was to understand the cognitive demands placed on railroad dispatchers and the strategies that experienced dispatchers have developed in response to those demands, as an input to guide development and design of digital communication systems and advanced information displays. A hybrid methodology was used that combined field observations at two railroad dispatch centers (one that primarily handles passenger trains and one that primarily handles freight trains) with structured interviews of experienced railroad dispatchers.

The Volpe Center Acoustics Facility, in support of the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) has been conducting a study to investigate the effects of using different ground types based on an improved understanding of the characteristics of the ground types defined in FHWA's Traffic Noise Model (TNM) version 2.5. This study also investigates the effects of using specific pavement types, as opposed to Average pavement, when the pavement type is known. The results of this study indicate that improvements in the correlation between predicted and measured results can be achieved by selecting the best ground type and pavement type for the model.

Each crash must have at least one in-transport motor vehicle involved. The value entered must equal the total number of in-transport motor vehicles involved in the crash. Vehicles not in- transport are not included in this variable's count. In order for a vehicle to be considered in-transport, the motor vehicle must be either (1) on the roadway or (2) in motion. This includes driverless vehicles.

The John A. Volpe National Transportation Systems Center was asked by the Office of Security of the Maritime Administration to examine the issue of industrial control systems (ICS) security in the Maritime Transportation System (MTS), and to develop a white paper based upon its findings for circulation amongst MTS stakeholders. In evaluating the issue, this paper first discusses the role of the MTS as part of the domestic and international transportation system and global supply chain, and provides examples of the economic impact of past natural and manmade disruptions to the MTS. It next explores the uses and applications of ICS throughout the MTS, identifies potential cybersecurity vulnerabilities of ICS, and provides examples of possible ICS failures and the potential impact on the MTS. Finally, the paper explores the issue in the context of Federal policy governing critical infrastructure, cybersecurity and supply chain resilience, and makes a number of recommendations that government agencies and the private sector might consider in order to mitigate the ICS security risks.